Pass in shellcode
<div class="remark-highlight"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash">$ (echo -en "\x00\x00...\n"; cat) | ./someprogram
</code></pre></div>
 
Scan open ports and services.
<div class="remark-highlight"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash">nmap -sV -sT -sC -o dump.txt IP
</code></pre></div>

General